Institution Of The Dean And Chapter
| > | Lancelot Salkeld, the last prior, falling upon the
violent period of the Reformation, surrendered the priory to the commissioners of Henry
VIII, on the 9th of January, 1540: two years afterwards, Henry founded in its stead an
establishment consisting of a dean, four prebendaries, eight minor canons,
a sub-dean, four singing men, six choristers, and a master, &c., to be a body
corporate, by the name of "The Dean and Chapter of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of
Carlisle," granting to them the greater part of its revenues* together with the
property of the monks of Wetheral; and Salkeld was constituted the first dean. This
charter conveys to the dean and chapter, the manors of Newbiggin, Newlaiths,
Ellerton, Catcottys, Botchergate, Henderbye, Sebergham, Lorton, Isakeby alias Prior Hall,
Newbiggin, and Crosby, &c., in Allerdale, Allerthwaite and Little Salkeld, in
Cumberland; and the manors of Corbridge, in Northumberland, together with possessions in
126 other different places, and the rectories and advowsons of the churches of St.
Mary's and St. Cuthbert's, in Carlisle, Sowerby, Addingham, Kirkland, Thursby, Beghokirk,
Sebergham, Ireby, Crosby, (Cross Canonby), Camerton, Hutton, Castle Carrock, Cumwhitton,
Cumrew, Edenhall, Rockcliffe, Whittington, Corbridge, and a moiety of the rectories of
Newcastle and Stanwix; also pensions out of the following churches, viz.,
Hakemonby, 2s. 6d.; Hutton-in-the-Forest, 2s.; Ullerby, 6s. 8d.; Castle Carrock, 2s.;
Aketon, 40s.; Thursby, 13s. 4d.; Bewcastle, 6s. 8d.; Whittington, £8.; Lowther, 26s. 8d.;
and the advowsons and donations of the chantries of St. Catherine, St. Cross, and St.
Roch, in Carlisle cathedral; St. Alban, in the city of Carlisle, and St. Mary of Skelton.
The charter specifies that for all these possessions, the dean and chapter are to pay to
the crown, £82 11s. 9¼d. annually, by way of tenths; 3s. a year to the chantry of St.
Catherine, in Castlegate; 46s. 8d. to the chaplain; and £5 17s. to the three beadsmen of
St. Nicholas' Hospital; 2s. 4d. to the bishop; £6 to the curate, and 6s. 8d. to the two
priests of St. Mary's, in Carlisle; £4 to the curate of Hesket-in-the-Forest; 20s. for
composition to the vicar of Lazonby; £5 6s. 8d. to the curate of St. Cuthbert's, in
Carlisle; 2s. 10¾d. to the bishop, for a subsidy of the churches of Sowerby and
Addingham; 4s. to the bishop for synodals; 13s. 4d. to the vicar of Addingham; 6s. 8d. to
the vicar of Kirkland; 53s. 4d. to the vicar of Edenhall; £8 to the bishop of Durham, out
of the moiety of the rectory of Newcastle; £8 out of the rectory of Whittington, and £12
out of the rectory of Corbridge; and a fee of £3 to the collector of the rents of the
dissolved priory of Wetheral. Tanner says "this was the only episcopal chapter in
England of the Order of St. Austin1." The Augustinians
were originally hermits, whom pope Alexander IV first congregated into one body, under
General Lanfranc, in 1256: they observed the rules of St. Augustine, and were clothed in
black. King Philip and queen Mary, in the fourth and fifth years of their reign, granted the advowson and collation of all the four prebends to the bishop of Carlisle. The bishops, since the establishment of the see, are fifty-five in number, and their names in numerical order, with the date when each was inducted, are as follow:
THE BISHOPS OF CARLISLE FROM 1133 TO 1847 Athelwald, 1133
THE PRIORS OF CARLISLE There were 31 priors from the foundation of the Priory to its dissolution. Athelwald
THE DEANS OF CARLISLE Lancelot Salkeld, last prior and first dean † 1542
* These revenues, according to Speed, were £481 8s. 1d.; and according to Dugdale, £413 3s. 4d. The revenues of the bishopric were valued in the 26th Henry VIII £577 in the whole, and £531 4s. 11d. clear. † Salkeld was deprived on king Edward's accession to the throne, and was succeeded by Smith. When Mary came to the throne, in 1555, he was restored, but was deprived a second time, in 1559, and again succeeded Smith.
Mannix & Whellan, History, Gazetteer and Directory of Cumberland, 1847 Notes 1. The Order of St. Austin -
Augustinians. The list of bishops continues up to the present day as follows - Henry Motague Villiers, 1856 The Deans - John Anthony Cramer, D.D., 1844
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19 June 2015
© Steve Bulman
